Проблемы женщин в водном секторе Кыргызстана: краткий обзор
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Аннотация
Цель исследования – привлечь внимание к основным проблемам женщин водного сектора Кыргызстана посредством краткого обзора.
Формально в современном кыргызском законодательстве не существует барьеров и ограничений для участия женщин во всех сферах жизни. Однако на практике некоторые из них носят декларативный характер и не предполагают привлечения ни финансовых, ни организационных ресурсов для их реализации. В водном хозяйстве Кыргызстана общая численность специалистов составляет 5063 человека, из них 956 женщин, что составляет 19% от общего числа. Руководство водными отраслями и ведомствами также пользуется большим доверием у мужчин.
Мужская миграция влияет на социальную структуру сельских регионов: мужчины трудоспособного возраста уезжают за границу, а женщины остаются одни, чтобы заниматься сельскохозяйственными работами, образованием детей и уходом за пожилыми людьми. Международные специалисты изучают права женщин в водном законодательстве, участие женщин в принятии решений на примере ассоциаций водопользователей, местные проблемы, связанные с водоснабжением и качеством питьевой воды, в зависимости от конкретного случая, что помогает улучшить их положение в водном секторе.
В настоящее время кыргызские женщины рассматривают свое положение в обществе не с точки зрения своей исключительной роли в семье, а с точки зрения экономической, социальной и политической значимости. Однако неуверенность в себе и ограниченность возможностей женщин, особенно молодых, вынуждают их оставаться бездействующими даже в самых критических ситуациях.
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