ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ МЕГАПРОЕКТА "ЦЕЛИНА": ЦЕЛИННОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО И ЕГО ОСВОЕНИЕ
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Аннотация. Представлены результаты исследований восточного сектора степной зоны Евразии от Поволжья до Алтая на тему динамики степной титульности. Быстрая и почти полная замена зональных степных экосистем на равнинах зерновыми полями, произведенная советским целинным мегапроектом, сформировала в степной зоне специфическое целинное пространство. В результате последующих трансформаций оно превратилось в постцелинное пространство, а затем трансформировалось в агроэкспортное. Описаны ведущие факторы формирования этих пространств, их основные качественные характеристики и особенности. Совокупность мегапроекта "Целина" и массового отказа от полей, показавшего самовосстановительный потенциал степей, рассматривается как уникальный эксперимент по обновлению степных травостоев. С учетом существующих и новых тенденций предлагается схема перехода к компромиссному пространству, организованному по принципу оптимальной экономики и природных сообществ.
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